International Hand Function Study Following Distal Radial Access: The RATATOUILLE Study

BackgroundDistal radial access (DRA) has been proposed to improve procedure ergonomics and favor radial artery patency. Although promising data, nothing is known on evolving hand function after DRA.ObjectivesThis study sought to comprehensively evaluate hand function in patients undergoing DRA.MethodsReal-world patients undergoing DRA undertook a thorough multimodality assessment of hand function implementing multidomain questionnaires (Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand and Levine-Katz), and motor (pinch grip test) and sensory (Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments test) examinations of both hands. All assessments were performed at preprocedural baseline and planned at 1-, 6-, and 12-month follow-up (FU). Adverse clinical and procedural events were documented too.ResultsData of 313 patients (220 men, age 66 ± 10 years) from 9 international centers were analyzed. The Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand and the Levine-Katz scores slightly improved from baseline to FU (P = 0.008 and P = 0.029, respectively). Pinch strength mildly improved from baseline to FU (P < 0.001 for both the left and right hands). Similarly, touch pressure threshold appeared to faintly improve in both the left and right hands (P < 0.012 for all the sites). For both motor and sensory function tests, comparable findings were found for the DRA hand and the contralateral one, with no significant differences between them. Repeated assessment of all tests over all FU time points similarly showed lack of worsening hand function. Access-related adverse events included 19 harmless bleedings and 3 forearm radial artery and 3 distal radial artery occlusions. None affected hand function at FU.ConclusionsIn a systematic multidimensional assessment, DRA was not associated with hand function impairment. Moreover, DRA emerges as a safe alternative vascular access.     

Use of the Covera Stent Graft for the Treatment of Dysfunctional or Thrombosed Arteriovenous Grafts: A Retrospective Analysis of 64 Patients

PurposeTo retrospectively evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the Covera stent graft (SG) for the treatment of dysfunctional or thrombosed arteriovenous grafts (AVGs).Materials and MethodsWithin 29 months (February 2016–August 2018), 79 patients underwent Covera SG placement in the authors’ department for the treatment of dysfunctional AVGs. Data were available for 64 patients who underwent 64 procedures, using 64 devices. Minimum follow-up was 6 months, unless reintervention occurred. Mean follow-up was 277 days (6–923 days). Treatment characteristics were 51 cases with venous-graft anastomosis (VGA) stenosis (79.7%), 13 cases of puncture zone stenosis (20.3%), 14 cases of in SG stenosis (21.9%), 8 cases of pseudoaneurysm treatment (12.5%) (1 treatment area might have had more than 1 characteristic). Thirty-six patients presented with thrombosis (56.2%), and 31 of 64 case were de novo treatment areas (48.4%). Primary outcome measurements were technical success and post-intervention primary patency (PIPP) at 6 months, whereas secondary outcome measurements included factors influencing primary outcome.ResultsTechnical success was 100%. Median PIPP was 336 days, and 73.6% of treatment areas were patent at 6 months. There were no significant differences in terms of PIPP when de novo treatment areas were compared with restenotic areas (519 vs. 320 days, respectively; P = .1); patients who presented with versus those who presented without thrombosis (320 vs. 583 days, respectively; P = .07); puncture zone stenosis or elsewhere (329 vs. 686 days, respectively; P = .52); and VGA stenosis or elsewhere (336 vs. 335 days, respectively; P = .9).ConclusionsUse of the Covera SG for AVG treatment was safe and effective in every type of treatment area presented in this retrospective analysis.     

胃-食管预制机器人胸内手工分层吻合——一种胃-食管胸内吻合的新策略

目的报告胃-食管预制机器人胸内手工分层吻合（PRILA）的技术特点。 方法术前活检确诊为食管癌并愿意接受机器人辅助微创食管切除术（RAMIE）的患者为本研究纳入对象。胃食管吻合前预处理措施主要包括以下四方面：以胸骨角为标志在体外完成管状胃的预制；吻合前采用冷造口的方法在胃前壁造口；采取保护性胃包裹及传动法拖曳管状胃进入胸腔的方式；采用腔内阻断的方法夹闭食管近端，以减少吻合时食管端出血。术后每半年随访一次以追踪患者转归。 结果2018年9月至2019年7月，12名食管癌患者采用PRILA术式顺利完成了肿瘤切除及消化道重建，均未发生中转开胸。所有患者取得R0切除，术后均未发生吻合口瘘。术后住院时间平均9.9天，出院时所有患者可耐受半流质饮食，术后随访1年均未发生肿瘤复发或转移。 结论胃-食管PRILA在食管癌的外科治疗中安全可行。该术式通过对食管及管状胃的预处理，为术者提供了一个清晰的术野，保证了手术的流畅性和分层吻合的精确性。该方法为胸外科医师应对胃-食管胸内吻合的挑战提供了一条新策略。     

基于校医院视角的医院感染管理方法

该文立足于校医院,探讨控制医院感染的管理方法。管理方法包括建立健全的医院感染管理体系,制定并完善医院感染管理制度,严格规范医院感染监测,加强细节管理力度,保障医疗安全。严格执行以上管理方法可以提高校医院医务人员对医院感染管理的认识,实施各项医院感染管理制度,控制医院感染的发生。要做好校医院的医院感染的管理工作,必须加强组织领导,加强监测,各部门明确职责,共同协作,严格遵守管理制度。     

Training of deep microsurgical skill: Establishment of a high-volume intracranial carotid bypass model

ObjectiveTo establish a model for a high-volume intracranial carotid bypass operation.MethodsHigh-volume internal carotid-middle cerebral artery bypass was performed on 9 cadaver heads with arteries of porcine forearms as grafts by 6 residents with no previous experience in vascular anastomosis on cadavers. The intima was dissected immediately after the anastomoses were completed to observe the patency of anastomosis.ResultsAfter different duration periods of training using this model, 36 vascular anastomoses on 18 sides were successfully performed by the 6 residents with a self-made difficulty regulation device. As the difficulty level increased, the time needed for anastomosis lengthened and patency rate showed a decreasing trend. As the amount of training increased, the residents were able to decrease the amount of time to complete the operation with increasing patency rates.ConclusionsThe model of high-volume internal carotid-middle cerebral artery bypass with arteries of porcine forearms has the advantages of material similarity, easy access of grafts, better simulation of intraoperative conditions, and adjustable difficulties. Our results suggest that this new procedure has a better simulation-training platform which is closer to the real surgical procedure for surgeons willing to master the technique of a high-volume bypass operation.     

Does hand robotic rehabilitation improve motor function by rebalancing interhemispheric connectivity after chronic stroke? Encouraging data from a randomised-clinical-trial

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was the evaluation of the clinical and neurophysiological effects of intensive robot-assisted hand therapy compared to intensive occupational therapy in the chronic recovery phase after stroke.Methods50 patients with a first-ever stroke occurred at least six months before, were enrolled and randomised into two groups. The experimental group was provided with the Amadeo™ hand training (AHT), whereas the control group underwent occupational therapist-guided conventional hand training (CHT). Both of the groups received 40 hand training sessions (robotic and conventional, respectively) of 45 min each, 5 times a week, for 8 consecutive weeks. All of the participants underwent a clinical and electrophysiological assessment (task-related coherence, TRCoh, and short-latency afferent inhibition, SAI) at baseline and after the completion of the training.ResultsThe AHT group presented improvements in both of the primary outcomes (Fugl-Meyer Assessment for of Upper Extremity and the Nine-Hole Peg Test) greater than CHT (both p < 0.001). These results were paralleled by a larger increase in the frontoparietal TRCoh in the AHT than in the CHT group (p < 0.001) and a greater rebalance between the SAI of both the hemispheres (p < 0.001).ConclusionsThese data suggest a wider remodelling of sensorimotor plasticity and interhemispheric inhibition between sensorimotor cortices in the AHT compared to the CHT group.SignificanceThese results provide neurophysiological support for the therapeutic impact of intensive robot-assisted treatment on hand function recovery in individuals with chronic stroke.     

三角吻合技术在早期远端胃癌根治术中应用要点

正2002年,日本学者Kanaya等[1]首次提出了胃十二指肠全腹腔镜下三角吻合技术,该技术仅利用直线切割闭合器即可完成胃与十二指肠端端吻合。在此基础上Huang等[2]进一步改良了三角吻合术。目前,胃十二指肠三角吻合技术逐渐获得国内外多家医疗中心的认可和开展。本文将介绍在远端胃癌根治术中应用三角吻合技术的相关要点。     

结直肠癌急性肠梗阻一期切除吻合的共识与争议

急性肠梗阻是结直肠癌病人行急诊手术常见的原因之一，预后通常较差。手术是解除梗阻、挽救病人生命最重要的方法。一期切除吻合术可通过一次手术完整切除肿瘤、恢复肠道的连续性、避免分期手术并发症并减少疾病负担，理应为最理想的手术方式。但由于尚存在一定的手术技术难点、吻合口漏发生的风险等原因，目前在手术探查时能否首选行一期切除吻合尚存争议。